PHYSFS_fileLength() returns -1 if the file size can't be determined. I'm
going to set it to 0 instead, because it seems like that's more
well-behaved with consumers.
Take lodepng_decode24() or lodepng_decode32(), for example - from a
quick glance at the source, it only takes in a size_t (an unsigned
integer) for the filesize, and one of the first things it does is malloc
with the given filesize. If the -1 turns into SIZE_MAX and LodePNG
attempts to allocate that many bytes... well, I don't know of any
systems that have 18 exabytes of memory. So that seems pretty bad.
The function returns a PHYSFS_sint64, but we forcefully shove it into a
PHYSFS_uint32. This means we throw away all the negative numbers, which
is bad because the function returns -1 if the size of the file can't be
determined; plus, we also throw away 32 bits of information, reducing
our range of supported file sizes from 9 exabytes to 4 gigabytes.
File size support is only as good as the weakeast link, and it looks
like one of the consumers of FILESYSTEM_loadFileToMemory(),
SDL_RWFromConstMem(), only takes in a signed 32-bit integer of size;
however, I would still like to do at least the bare minimum to support
as many file sizes as we can, and changing types around is one of those
bare minimums.
I had misread this line in #629 and thought that it was just clearing
the entire surface, when really it was filling the surface with opaque
black. ClearSurface() would instead make it transparent, which would
mean when it got drawn, it would get drawn against blue, and not black.
Whoops.
These float attributes are assigned to, and then never read again. The
coordinate systems of blocks are a bit of a mess - some use xp/yp, some
use xp/yp and rect.x/rect.y - but I can confidently say that these are
never used, because it compiles fine if I remove the attributes from the
class, plus remove all assignments to it.
Screen.cpp wasn't explicitly including SDL.h, instead relying on
Screen.h to include it.
It was also relying on SDL.h to include stdio.h on Linux, which breaks
because SDL.h doesn't include stdio.h on Windows. So stdio.h is now
explicitly included as well.
stdlib.h is not used in this file.
After reasoning about it for a bit, there's no reason for these checks
to be here. `zip_normal` will either be
/home/infoteddy/.local/share/VVVVVV/levels if the asset directory is a
directory, or levels/levelname.zip if the asset directory is inside the
same zip as the level is. I don't see how they could ever be data.zip.
My guess is because of the VCE bug where it messed up its search path,
and before that bug was fixed, it had to be worked around here by
explicitly blacklisting data.zip here. When the assets mounting stuff
was ported from VCE to vanilla, vanilla didn't have the problem, and so
this data.zip blacklisting stuff was unnecessary.
Either way, I see no reason for this, so I'm going to remove it.
There is no need to use heap-allocated strings here, so I've refactored
them out. I've also cleaned up both of the functions a bit, because the
line spacing of the previous version was completely non-existent, brace
style was same-line instead of next-line, and the variable names were a
bit misleading (in FILESYSTEM_mountassets(), there is a `zippath` AND a
`zip_path`, which are two completely different variables).
Also, FILESYSTEM_mount() now prints an error message and bails if
PHYSFS_getRealDir() returns NULL, whereas it didn't do that before.
The function is literally just an alias for PHYSFS_exists(), which does
not exclusively check for directories. Plus, the function is also used
to check if a non-directory file exists. Why is this function named
"directoryExists"?!
The info message when a .data.zip file is mounted is now differentiated
from the message when an actual directory is mounted (the .data.zip
message specifies ".data.zip").
The error message for an error occurring when loading or mounting a .zip
is now capitalized.
The "Custom asset directory does not exist" now uses puts(), because
there's no need to use printf() here.
I don't know why this is here; it's unused. I don't know why the
compiler doesn't warn about this being unused either - maybe it's
secretly being used? That also means I'm not sure if the compiler is
optimizing this away or not. Anyway, this is getting removed.
The STL here cannot be completely eliminated (because the custom entity
object uses std::string), but at least we can avoid unnecessarily making
std::strings until the very end.
There's not really any reason for this function to use heap-allocated
strings. So I've refactored it to not do that.
I would've used SDL_strrstr(), if it existed. It does not appear to
exist. But that's okay.
PhysFS by default just uses system malloc(), realloc(), and free(); it
provides a way to change them, with a struct named PHYSFS_Allocator and
a function named PHYSFS_setAllocator().
According to PhysFS docs, this function should be called before
PHYSFS_init(), which is why this allocator stuff is handled in
FileSystemUtils.cpp.
Also, I've had to make two "bridge" functions, because PHYSFS_Allocator
wants pointers to functions taking in `PHYSFS_uint64`s, not `size_t`s.
ClearSurface() is less verbose than doing it the old way, and also
conveys intent clearer. Plus, some of these FillRect()s had hardcoded
width and height values, whereas ClearSurface() doesn't - meaning this
change also has better future-proofing, in case the widths and heights
of the surfaces involved change in the future.
When you pass NULL in for the SDL_Rect* parameter to SDL_FillRect(), SDL
will automatically fill the entire surface with that color. There's no
need for us to create the SDL_Rect ourselves.
This is a function that does what it says - it clears the given surface.
This just means doing a FillRect(), but it's better to use this function
because it conveys intent better.
This is pretty old commented-out code from earlier versions of the game;
they are no longer useful, and are just distracting. If we need them, we
can always refer back to this commit (but I sincerely doubt that we'll
need them).
Apparently in C, if you have `void test();`, it's completely okay to do
`test(2);`. The function will take in the argument, but just discard it
and throw it away. It's like a trash can, and a rude one at that. If you
declare it like `void test(void);`, this is prevented.
This is not a problem in C++ - doing `void test();` and `test(2);` is
guaranteed to result in a compile error (this also means that right now,
at least in all `.cpp` files, nobody is ever calling a void parameter
function with arguments and having their arguments be thrown away).
However, we may not be using C++ in the future, so I just want to lay
down the precedent that if a function takes in no arguments, you must
explicitly declare it as such.
I would've added `-Wstrict-prototypes`, but it produces an annoying
warning message saying it doesn't work in C++ mode if you're compiling
in C++ mode. So it can be added later.
One of these days, I need to get around to running Include What You Use
on this codebase. Until then, while I was working on #624, I noticed
these; I'm removing them now.
The recently released SDL 2.0.14 adds a native function for opening URIs
from the host system, superseding the OS-specific implementations of
FILESYSTEM_openDirectory.
This fixes a regression where moving platforms had no collision. Because
their width and height would be maintained, but their type would be -1.
(Also because I didn't test enough.)
In #565, I decided to set blocks' types to -1 when disabling them, to be
a bit safer in case there was some code that used block types but not
their width and heights. However, this means that when blocks get
disabled and re-created in the platform update loops, their types get
set to -1, which effectively also disables their collision.
In the end, I'll just have to compromise and remove setting blocks to
type -1. Because in a better world, we shouldn't be destroying and
creating blocks constantly just to move some platforms - however, fixing
such a fundamental problem is beyond the scope of at least 2.3 (there's
also the fact that this problem also results in some bugs that are a
part of compatibility, whether we like it or not). So I'll just remove
the -1.
next_split_s() could potentially commit out-of-bounds indexing if the
amount of source data was bigger than the destination data.
This is because the size of the source data passed in includes the null
terminator, so if 1 byte is not subtracted from it, then after it passes
through the VVV_min(), it will index 1 past the end of the passed buffer
when null-terminating it.
In contrast, the other argument of the VVV_min() does not need 1
subtracted from it, because that length does not include a null
terminator (next_split() returns the length of the substring, after all;
not the length of the substring plus 1).
(The VVV_min() here also shortens the range of values to the size of an
int, but we'll probably make size_t versions anyway; plus who really
cares about supporting massively-sized buffers bigger than 2 billion
bytes in length? That just doesn't make sense.)
If PHYSFS_enumerate() isn't successful, we now print that it wasn't
successful, and print the PhysFS error message. (We should get that
logging thing going sometime...)
Note that level dir listing still uses plenty of STL (including the end
product - the `LevelMetaData` struct - which, for the purposes of 2.3,
is okay enough (2.4 should remove STL usage entirely)); it's just that
the initial act of iterating over the levels directory no longer takes
four or SIX(!!!) heap allocations (not counting reallocations and other
heap allocations this patch does not remove), and no longer does any
data marshalling.
Like text splitting, and binary blob extra indice grabbing, the current
approach that FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames() uses is a temporary
std::vector of std::strings as a middleman to store all the filenames,
and the game iterates over that std::vector to grab each level metadata.
Except, it's even worse in this case, because PHYSFS_enumerateFiles()
ALREADY does a heap allocation. Oh, and
FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames() gets called two or three times. Yeah,
let me explain:
1. FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames() calls PHYSFS_enumerateFiles().
2. PHYSFS_enumerateFiles() allocates an array of pointers to arrays of
chars on the heap. For each filename, it will:
a. Allocate an array of chars for the filename.
b. Reallocate the array of pointers to add the pointer to the above
char array.
(In this step, it also inserts the filename in alphabetically -
without any further allocations, as far as I know - but this is a
COMPLETELY unnecessary step, because we are going to sort the list
of levels by ourselves via the metadata title in the end anyways.)
3. FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames() iterates over the PhysFS list, and
allocates an std::vector on the heap to shove the list into. Then,
for each filename, it will:
a. Allocate an std::string, initialized to "levels/".
b. Append the filename to the std::string above. This will most
likely require a re-allocation.
c. Duplicate the std::string - which requires allocating more memory
again - to put it into the std::vector.
(Compared to the PhysFS list above, the std::vector does less
reallocations; it however will still end up reallocating a certain
amount of times in the end.)
4. FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames() will free the PhysFS list.
5. Then to get the std::vector<std::string> back to the caller, we end
up having to reallocate the std::vector again - reallocating every
single std::string inside it, too - to give it back to the caller.
And to top it all off, FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames() is guaranteed
to either be called two times, or three times. This is because
editorclass::getDirectoryData() will call editorclass::loadZips(), which
will unconditionally call FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames(), then call
it AGAIN if a zip was found. Then once the function returns,
getDirectoryData() will still unconditionally call
FILESYSTEM_getLevelDirFileNames(). This smells like someone bolting
something on without regard for the whole picture of the system, but
whatever; I can clean up their mess just fine.
So, what do I do about this? Well, just like I did with text splitting
and binary blob extras, make the final for-loop - the one that does the
actual metadata parsing - more immediate.
So how do I do that? Well, PhysFS has a function named
PHYSFS_enumerate(). PHYSFS_enumerateFiles(), in fact, uses this function
internally, and is basically just a wrapper with some allocation and
alphabetization.
PHYSFS_enumerate() takes in a pointer to a function, which it will call
for every single entry that it iterates over. It also lets you pass in
another arbitrary pointer that it leaves alone, which I use to pass
through a function pointer that is the actual callback.
So to clarify, there are two callbacks - one callback is passed through
into another callback that gets passed through to PHYSFS_enumerate().
The callback that gets passed to PHYSFS_enumerate() is always the same,
but the callback that gets passed through the callback can be different
(if you look at the calling code, you can see that one caller passes
through a normal level metadata callback; the other passes through a zip
file callback).
Furthermore, I've also cleaned it up so that if editorclass::loadZips()
finds a zip file, it won't iterate over all the files in the levels
directory a third time. Instead, the level directory only gets iterated
over twice - once to check for zips, and another to load every level
plus all zips; the second time is when all the heap allocations happen.
And with that, level list loading now uses less STL templated stuff and
much less heap allocations.
Also, ed.directoryList basically has no reason to exist other than being
a temporary std::vector, so I've removed it. This further decreases
memory usage, depending on how many levels you have in your levels
folder (I know that I usually have a lot and don't really ever clean it
up, lol).
Lastly, in the callback passed to PhysFS, `builtLocation` is actually no
longer hardcoded to just the `levels` directory, since instead we now
use the `origdir` variable that PhysFS passes us. So that's good, too.
If PHYSFS_mountHandle() failed to mount a zip file, we would print
PhysFS's error message straight, without any surrounding context. This
seems a little weird, and doesn't maximize understanding for readers;
I've made it so now the error message is "Could not mount <zip file>:
<PhysFS error>".
When Ethan added PhysFS to the game, he put in a hardcoded check (marked
with a FIXME) that explicitly removed all filenames that were "data"
returned by PHYSFS_enumerateFiles(). Apparently this was due to a weird
bug with the function putting in "data" strings in its output in PhysFS
2.0.3; however, the game now uses PhysFS 3.0.2, and I could not
reproduce this bug on my system. (I also tested, and this also
straight-up ignores legitimate level filenames that just happen to be
"data" (without the .vvvvvv extension).)
After talking with Ethan in Discord DMs, I asked if we could remove this
check, and he said that we could. So I'm doing it now.
Just like I refactored text splitting to no longer use std::vectors,
std::strings, or temporary heap allocations, decreasing memory usage and
improving performance; there's no reason to use a temporary
heap-allocated std::vector to grab all extra binary blob indices, when
instead the iteration can just be more immediate.
Instead, what I've done is replaced binaryBlob::getExtra() with
binaryBlob::nextExtra(), which takes in a pointer to an index variable,
and will increment the index variable until it reaches an extra track.
After the caller processes the extra track, it is the caller's
responsibility to increment the variable again before passing it back to
getExtra().
This avoids all heap allocations and brings down the memory usage of
processing extra tracks.
If you configure the build with -DBUNDLE_DEPENDENCIES=OFF, then VVVVVV
will dynamically link with TinyXML-2 and PhysicsFS instead of using the
bundled source code in third_party/ and statically linking with them.
Unfortunately, it doesn't seem like distros package LodePNG, and LodePNG
isn't intended to be packaged, so we can't dynamically link with it, nor
can we use some system LodePNG header files somewhere else because those
don't exist.
UTF8-CPP is a special case, because no matter what, it's going to be
statically linked with the binary (it doesn't come as a shared object
file in any way). So with -DBUNDLE_DEPENDENCIES=OFF, we will use the
system UTF8-CPP header files instead of the bundled ones, but it will
still be statically linked in with the binary.
The main motivation for doing this is so if VVVVVV ever gets packaged in
distros, distro maintainers would be more likely to accept it if there
was an option to compile the game without bundled dependencies. Also, it
discourages modifying the third-party dependencies we have, because it's
always possible for someone to compile those dependencies without our
changes, with this CMake option.
This patch restores some 2.2 behavior, fixing a regression caused by the
refactor of properly using std::vectors.
In 2.2, the game allocated 200 items in obj.entities, but used a system
where each entity had an `active` attribute to signify if the entity
actually existed or not. When dealing with entities, you would have to
check this `active` flag, or else you'd be dealing with an entity that
didn't actually exist. (By the way, what I'm saying applies to blocks
and obj.blocks as well, except for some small differing details like the
game allocating 500 block slots versus obj.entities's 200.)
As a consequence, the game had to use a separate tracking variable,
obj.nentity, because obj.entities.size() would just report 200, instead
of the actual amount of entities. Needless to say, having to check for
`active` and use `obj.nentity` is a bit error-prone, and it's messier
than simply using the std::vector the way it was intended. Also, this
resulted in a hard limit of 200 entities, which custom level makers ran
into surprisingly quite often.
2.3 comes along, and removes the whole system. Now, std::vectors are
properly being used, and obj.entities.size() reports the actual number
of entities in the vector; you no longer have to check for `active` when
dealing with entities of any sort.
But there was one previous behavior of 2.2 that this system kind of
forgets about - namely, the ability to have holes in between entities.
You see, when an entity got disabled in 2.2 (which just meant turning
its `active` off), the indices of all other entities stayed the same;
the indice of the entity that got disabled stays there as a hole in the
array. But when an entity gets removed in 2.3 (previous to this patch),
the indices of every entity afterwards in the array get shifted down by
one. std::vector isn't really meant to be able to contain holes.
Do the indices of entities and blocks matter? Yes; they determine the
order in which entities and blocks get evaluated (the highest indice
gets evaluated first), and I had to fix some block evaluation order
stuff in previous PRs.
And in the case of entities, they matter hugely when using the
recently-discovered Arbitrary Entity Manipulation glitch (where crewmate
script commands are used on arbitrary entities by setting the `i`
attribute of `scriptclass` and passing invalid crewmate identifiers to
the commands). If you use Arbitrary Entity Manipulation after destroying
some entities, there is a chance that your script won't work between 2.2
and 2.3.
The indices also still determine the rendering order of entities
(highest indice gets drawn first, which means lowest indice gets drawn
in front of other entities). As an example: let's say we have the player
at 0, a gravity line at 1, and a checkpoint at 2; then we destroy the
gravity line and create a crewmate (let's do Violet).
If we're able to have holes, then after removing the gravity line, none
of the other indices shift. Then Violet will be created at indice 1, and
will be drawn in front of the checkpoint.
But if we can't have holes, then removing the gravity line results in
the indice of the checkpoint shifting down to indice 1. Then Violet is
created at indice 2, and gets drawn behind the checkpoint! This is a
clear illustration of changing the behavior that existed in 2.2.
However, I also don't want to go back to the `active` system of having
to check an attribute before operating on an entity. So... what do we
do to restore the holes?
Well, we don't need to have an `active` attribute, or modify any
existing code that operates on entities. Instead, we can just set the
attributes of the entities so that they naturally get ignored by
everything that comes into contact with it. For entities, we set their
invis to true, and their size, type, and rule to -1 (the game never uses
a size, type, or rule of -1 anywhere); for blocks, we set their type to
-1, and their width and height to 0.
obj.entities.size() will no longer necessarily equal the amount of
entities in the room; rather, it will be the amount of entity SLOTS that
have been allocated. But nothing that uses obj.entities.size() needs to
actually know the amount of entities; it's mostly used for iterating
over every entity in the vector.
Excess entity slots get cleaned up upon every call of
mapclass::gotoroom(), which will now deallocate entity slots starting
from the end until it hits a player, at which point it will switch to
disabling entity slots instead of removing them entirely.
The entclass::clear() and blockclass::clear() functions have been
restored because we need to call their initialization functions when
reusing a block/entity slot; it's possible to create an entity with an
invalid type number (it creates a glitchy Viridian), and without calling
the initialization function again, it would simply not create anything.
After this patch is applied, entity and block indices will be restored
to how they behaved in 2.2.
Just like is_positive_num(), an empty string is not a number.
I've also decided to unroll iteration 0 of the loop here so readability
is improved; this happens to also knock out the whole "accepting empty
string" thing, too.
To account for empty strings, we simply have to special-case them.
Simple as that.
This was also a problem with the previous std::string implementation of
this function; regardless, this is fixed now.
The current way "arrays" from XML files are loaded (before this commit
is applied) goes something like this:
1. Read the buffer of the contents of the tag using TinyXML-2.
2. Allocate a buffer on the heap of the same size, and copy the
existing buffer to it. (This is what the statement `std::string
TextString = pText;` does.)
3. For each delimiter in the heap-allocated buffer...
a. Allocate another buffer on the heap, and copy the characters from
the previous delimiter to the delimiter you just hit.
b. Then allocate the buffer AGAIN, to copy it into an std::vector.
4. Then re-allocate every single buffer YET AGAIN, because you need to
make a copy of the std::vector in split() to return it to the caller.
As you can see, the existing way uses a lot of memory allocations and
data marshalling, just to split some text.
The problem here is mostly making a temporary std::vector of split text,
before doing any actual useful work (most likely, putting it into an
array or ANOTHER std::vector - if the latter, then that's yet another
memory allocation on top of the memory allocation you already did; this
memory allocation is unavoidable, unlike the ones mentioned earlier,
which should be removed).
So I noticed that since we're iterating over the entire string once
(just to shove its contents into a temporary std::vector), and then
basically iterating over it again - why can't the whole thing just be
more immediate, and just be iterated over once?
So that's what I've done here. I've axed the split() function (both of
them, actually), and made next_split() and next_split_s().
next_split() will take an existing string and a starting index, and it
will find the next occurrence of the given delimiter in the string. Once
it does so, it will return the length from the previous starting index,
and modify your starting index as well. The price for immediateness is
that you're supposed to handle keeping the index of the previous
starting index around in order to be able to use the function; updating
it after each iteration is also your responsibility.
(By the way, next_split() doesn't use SDL_strchr(), because we can't get
the length of the substring for the last substring. We could handle this
special case specifically, but it'd be uglier; it also introduces
iterating over the last substring twice, when we only need to do it
once.)
next_split_s() does the same thing as next_split(), except it will copy
the resulting substring into a buffer that you provide (along with its
size). Useful if you don't particularly care about the length of the
substring.
All callers have been updated accordingly. This new system does not make
ANY heap allocations at all; at worst, it allocates a temporary buffer
on the stack, but that's only if you use next_split_s(); plus, it'd be a
fixed-size buffer, and stack allocations are negligible anyway.
This improves performance when loading any sort of XML file, especially
loading custom levels - which, on my system at least, I can noticeably
tell (there's less of a freeze when I load in to a custom level with
lots of scripts). It also decreases memory usage, because the heap isn't
being used just to iterate over some delimiters when XML files are
loaded.
These comments were probably remnants of some late-night coding session
or something. Anyway, they're not needed; there's nothing to do with SDL
here, and the "Init" is obvious because the function is a constructor.
Contents and scripts should be reset in editorclass::reset(); there's no
reason to reset them again right before you load them from an XML file
in editorclass::load().
Additionally, the resets now consistently use SDL_zeroa() (for contents)
and scriptclass::clearcustom() (for scripts).
I'm partial to slash-asterisk-style comments, so I'll use those here.
Also, having a space after the start of comments is good. I've also
removed the "Add the script if we have a preceding header" comments
since it can be inferred by reading the surrounding code.
Instead of checking the length() of an std::string, just check if
pText[0] is equal to '\0'.
This will have to be done anyway, because I'm going to get rid of the
std::string allocation here, and I noticed this inefficiency in the
indentation, so I'm going to remove it.
The actual unindent will be done in the next commit.
This now means every XML array loading is done with common,
re-duplicated code. The only exceptions to this are special cases other
than the the majority of cases; the majority being a simple matter of
reading an array of integers and putting it into another array.
Seems like the only reason I hadn't caught the <customlevelscore> tag
until now was because I was focused on de-duplicating all the array
loads in Game::loadstats() and below, forgetting about
Game::loadcustomlevelstats().
In order to be able to use the LOAD_ARRAY() and LOAD_ARRAY_RENAME()
macros in Game::loadcustomlevelstats(), they have to be moved to earlier
in the file.
Even if split() didn't use the STL, using this function here is a bit
unnecessary, because a simple SDL_strchr() suffices. Refactoring split()
to not use the STL will break this caller anyway, so I might as well
just refactor this to not use split() in the first place.
This refactor also properly checks if the inputs are valid integers. And
since split() is no longer used, it also rejects inputs ending with a
trailing comma as being invalid, too; this didn't happen previously.
It's intentional that I used is_number() here instead of
is_positive_num(), thus accepting negative numbers; in the future it
might be possible to have negative room coordinates.
Valgrind reported this.
The error here is that the buffer here is only guaranteed to be
initialized up until (and including) the null-terminator, by
SDL_snprintf(). Iterating over the entire allocated buffer is bad and I
should feel bad as the girl who wrote this code; doing that reads
uninitialized memory and passes it to SDL_tolower().
As a bonus, the iterator increment is now a preincrement instead of a
postincrement.
This fixes memory leaking every single time a file gets loaded(!) when
the list of custom levels gets loaded(!!!), which Valgrind reports. This
memory leak is completely my bad; 2.2 properly frees the loaded file,
and VCE uses an std::unique_ptr - which I decided to ignore and not
think about why it would be there.
It's safe to do this free after uMem gets copied into std::string;
although, in the future, I *am* thinking about refactoring this function
(and the tag finder function) to not use std::strings, and I'll have to
be careful to make sure that the memory management with the file is
correct when I do so.
This makes the freesrc argument of Mix_LoadMUS_RW() 1 instead of 0. If
the argument is nonzero, then the passed SDL_RWops will be automatically
freed when m_music is freed, too.
I don't know why this was 0 before. Setting it to 1 fixes a memory leak
that Valgrind reports (which turns into an actual leak every time custom
assets are mounted or unmounted).
This adds a check that the pointer passed to
FILESYSTEM_loadFileToMemory() isn't NULL, and if it is, just returns
early in the function, instead of continuing later and producing a
different, slightly-misleading error message.
Previously, it was guarded behind a check for the length, which is... I
guess still perfectly fine behavior, but there's no reason to have a
length check here; FILESYSTEM_freeMemory() uses SDL_free(), which does a
check that the pointer passed is non-NULL (the pointer that is passed
here, despite not being initialized upon declaration, is guaranteed to
be initialized by FILESYSTEM_loadFileToMemory() anyway, so).
Following Ethan's example of bailing (calling VVV_exit()) if
binaryBlob::unPackBinary() couldn't allocate memory, I've searched
through and found every SDL_malloc(), then made sure that if it returned
NULL, the caller would bail (because you can't do much when you're out
of memory).
There should probably be an error message printed when the process is
out of memory, but unPackBinary() doesn't print an error message for
being out of memory, so this can probably be added later. (Also we don't
really have a logging system, I'd like to have something like that added
in first before adding more messages.)
Also, this doesn't account for any allocators used by STL stuff, but
we're working on removing the STL, and allocation failure just results
in an abort anyway, so there's not really a problem there.
Wow, there are a lot of these. All of these exit paths now use
VVV_exit() instead, which attempts to save unlock.vvv and settings.vvv,
and also frees all resources so Valgrind is happy. This is a good thing,
because previously unlock.vvv/settings.vvv wouldn't be written to if we
decided to bail for a given reason.
It should be between the include of the corresponding header file for
the source file (Script.h) and the includes of other local header files
(the files that are specific to this codebase only); this is the
convention that includes in all other source files follow.
However, it seems like I misplaced this, so I'm fixing it now.
This is just a function that calls the cleanup() in main.cpp, as well as
calls exit().
I would have liked to use SDL_ExitProcess() here, because that function
has ifdefs for different runtime environments. But alas, it's an
internal function and isn't exported. Ah well; exit() seems to be fine
anyway.
If there's a resource that doesn't otherwise need to be cleaned up and
is still alive upon program shutdown, then it should go in cleanup().
This cleans up Screen, GraphicsResources, Graphics buffers, Graphics
tiles, and musicclass audio upon program shutdown.
Even we technically don't NEED to clean these resources up ourselves
(the kernel is going to get rid of all of it anyway, else it'd be a
security problem), I'm doing this because otherwise Valgrind will
complain about these, and then it'd be difficult to see which memory
leaks are real and which are just "well this isn't really a leak but you
haven't freed this thing when the process exited, and that's technically
what a memory leak is".
These are all resources whose cleanup functions can be safely called
even if they haven't initialized anything yet.
This isn't a memory leak (not even Valgrind complains), because it gets
properly cleaned up in GraphicsResources::destroy(). Still, it's memory
that is just laying around not being used, and in the name of
deallocating things as soon as you no longer need them, we should
deallocate the base tilesheet images after we split all of them into
tiles.
This reduces the memory cost of all tilesheet images by half, since we
were essentially keeping around duplicates for nothing; this doesn't
really have much of an impact with conventional tilesheet sizes, since
they're usually small enough, but since 2.3 allowed for tilesheet images
of any size, this is a pretty big deal for really big tilesheet images.
It's okay to do this, even though they also get freed in
GraphicsResources::destroy(), because SDL_FreeSurface() does a NULL
check on the pointer passed to it, and we set the pointer to NULL after
freeing the surfaces.
A quick glance at PhysFS source code will show that PhysFS will bail if
PHYSFS_deinit() is called if it's not initialized.
"Bail" here just means setting an error code and returning early, so
it's not that bad. Still, it's the principle of the thing, and I just
want to ensure that FILESYSTEM_deinit() can be safely called no matter
if the filesystem hasn't initialized yet; having an error set by PhysFS
kind of taints the whole safety thing, even if it does nothing wrong,
no?
(although, speaking of which, we should be handling all errors by
PhysFS, but that's for later...)
These FIXME comments are still correct about code duplication, but
they're incorrect about where exactly the original code is after the
original code got moved around. So I've fixed them to refer to the
correct locations.
We really should get around to de-duplicating the code mentioned in
these comments...
Since musicWriteBlob is a temporary object that gets destroyed at the
end of musicclass::init(), in order to make sure we don't leak memory
and lose all the pointers to the blocks we just allocated in
musicWriteBlob, we need to call its clear() method after writing
BinaryMusic.vvv.
musicReadBlob was used for both MMMMMM and PPPPPP soundtracks. This
causes a memory leak if you have mmmmmm.vvv installed, because the
pointers holding each allocated block of MMMMMM would be lost when
PPPPPP got loaded. Valgrind complains about this memory leak.
This is in contrast to 2.2 and previous behavior, where musicReadBlob
was only a temporary object instead of being held in musicclass.
However, this wasn't really a memory leak (moreso something that just
didn't get cleaned up when closing the game), but it did get turned into
a leak when per-level assets mounting and unmounting got introduced in
2.3 (loading a level with custom assets after starting the game with an
mmmmmm.vvv, or exiting out of a level that had an mmmmmm.vvv, would
cause the game to leak memory). Leo recognized this, and moved
musicReadBlob onto musicclass in a separate 2.3 PR, but either he didn't
think about what was happening here too closely, or he didn't use
Valgrind, because he forgot about the memory leak caused by re-using the
same binaryBlob for PPPPPP and MMMMMM.
So instead, just use two different binaryBlob objects for MMMMMM and
PPPPPP. That way, no memory leaks happen.
I'm going to introduce another binaryBlob object in to the mix, and I
want to be able to re-use an existing FOREACH_TRACK #define without
having to copy-paste it again. So, TRACK_NAMES now takes in a blob
parameter, which will be passed to the temporary FOREACH_TRACK #define.
This removes the music cleanup code from musicclass::init(), and
requires that we also call destroy() in Graphics::reloadresources().
This is because we'll need to re-use the musicclass cleanup code
elsewhere, and we don't want to copy-paste the cleanup code. Or at
least, I don't (but I'm not a game dev, game devs copy-paste all the
friggin' time).
It doesn't feel quite write leaving all the buffer creation code in
main(), even though it's perfectly okay to do so and it doesn't result
in any memory mismanagement that Valgrind can report; so I'm factoring
all of it out to a separate function, Graphics::create_buffers().
As a bonus, we no longer have to keep qualifying with `graphics.` in the
buffer creation code, which is nice.
These destroy all the buffers that are created on the Graphics class.
Since these buffers can't be created at the same time as the rest of
Graphics is (due to the fact that they require knowing the pixel format
of the game screen), they can't be destroyed at the same as the rest of
Graphics is, either.
This is a very complicated way of zeroing out grphx (instead of using
SDL_zero()), which itself is completely unnecessary because grphx.init()
gets called immediately afterwards anyway.
It should be next-line brace, not same-line brace. Even in a codebase
that uses same-line braces everywhere, I still prefer having next-line
braces inside functions (because they're at the top level, and you can't
next them). But regardless, this should still be next-line brace like
(most of) the rest of the codebase.
The function previously conditionally freed a m_memblocks pointer if its
corresponding m_headers was valid. This makes me slightly worried about
the possibility that memory would be allocated, but the header would
still be marked as invalid.
I don't see how that could happen, but it's better to be safe than
sorry. SDL_free() does a guaranteed NULL pointer check (like most SDL
functions), so it's okay to pass NULL pointers to it.
Just to be sure, I'm also zeroing m_memblocks and m_headers after
freeing everything in the function.
MSVC complains about these, doesn't seem like GCC does. These can be
safely removed because they're unreachable, and they always follow a
case-switch or similar that has a default case which this code is a
duplicate of anyway. (Unless it isn't, in which case all the better to
remove it, becausee otherwise it looks misleading or confusing to casual
glances at the code.)
find_tag() would commit out-of-bounds indexing if someone made a level
file with malformed XML entity encodings in the metadata tags.
This would happen if the end of the string followed immediately after an
ampersand and hash, or if there wasn't a semicolon ending an XML entity.
Valgrind complains about these, so I've fixed it.
This fixes a bug where "12" gets properly evaluated as 12, but "148"
gets evaluated as 1408. It's because `place` gets multiplied by `radix`
again, so `retval` gets multipled by 100 instead of 10.
There's no reason to have a `place` variable, so I've removed it
entirely. This simplifies the function a little bit.
The previous person who wrote this (a girl named Misa) clearly didn't
understand the reason why you couldn't compare line[line.length()-1]
directly to a string literal. It's because the former is a char, and the
latter is a pointer to a char. Both are ints, so it compiles fine, but
it doesn't do what you want it to.
Why not just make the latter a char instead of a string literal? Well,
because you can, but also I clearly didn't think this through earlier,
so that's why I didn't do it in the first place.
But this is fixed now.
This avoids an unnecessary copy of the input std::vector, since we don't
need to modify it for anything. This cuts down on unnecessary memory
operations.
Apart from the std::string, this function no longer uses the STL.
ss_toi() is a simple function - it converts the input into an int,
taking as many digits as possible until it reaches a non-digit
character, at which point it stops. It's trivial to implement this
without the STL.
I could've used Int() here, but that would've required copying the
string to a temporary buffer to insert a null-terminator (we can't just
use a pointer-and-length data type either, the string functions don't
operate like that - one disadvantage of C strings!). Instead, I decided
to implement my own conversion to int here, because I don't think the
way we humans write our Arabic numerals is going to change anytime soon.
Also, the std::string input is now passed by const reference, instead of
making a copy - cutting down on unnecessary memory operations.
I personally like putting the asterisk with the type, because despite
the language parsing the asterisk as a part of the name, the pointer
part is clearly a part of the return type of the function. Also,
put constness here, to indicate that the input won't be modified inside
the function.
This comment indicates that the function is used by
UtilityClass::GCString(). Which is unnecessary, because the reader can
trivially search for usages of GCChar in the file itself (the 'static'
preceding the function should be a good enough hint) - and if there
aren't any, then the reader will know the function is unused, whereas if
they read the comment, they would have been under the assumption that it
wasn't used. (There might also a compiler warning about it being unused,
which would be more confusing if the comment was still there.)
Point is, comments can get outdated, so removing the comment here makes
the code more self-documenting.
