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52 lines
2.4 KiB
Markdown
52 lines
2.4 KiB
Markdown
Guide to PCIe Passthrough
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=========================
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## Enable BIOS features
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To use PCIe Passthrough, you will need a compatible motherboard and CPU with support for iommu. Look up your motherboard manual on how to enable these features, but they are commonly named `VT-d` or `AMD Vi`.
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## Get Some Information
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To pass through a card, you'll need to know some value pertaining to the card itself: The Device IDs, and BDF IDs. The following command will give a list of relevant devices to use in the next steps.
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```
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lspci -nn | grep "VGA\|Audio"
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```
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### Example
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An example output might look like this:
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```
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26:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Curacao XT / Trinidad XT [Radeon R7 370 / R9 270X/370X] [1002:6810]
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26:00.1 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Oland/Hainan/Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7000 Series] [1002:aab0]
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```
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The first value (`26:00.0`) is the BDF ID, and the last (`1002:6810`) is the Device ID. Cards with a built-in audio controller have to be passed together, so note the IDs for both subdevices.
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## Load the vfio-pci module
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The `vfio-pci` module is not included in the kernel on all systems, you may need for load it as part of initramfs. Look up your distro's documentation on how to do this.
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## Add Kernel Flags
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The `iommu` kernel module is not enabled by default, but you can enable it on boot by passing the following flags to the kernel. Replace the Device IDs with your corresponding card.
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### AMD
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```
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iommu=pt amd_iommu=on vfio-pci.ids=1002:66af,1002:ab20
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```
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### Intel
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```
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iommu=pt intel_iommu=on vfio-pci.ids=1002:66af,1002:ab20
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```
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To do this permanently, you can add it to your bootloader. If you're using GRUB, for example, edit `/etc/default/grub` and add the previous lines to the `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT` section, then run `sudo update-grub` (or `sudo grub-mkconfig` on some systems) and reboot.
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## Attach card to QEMU
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You will need to attach the cards using the BDF IDs for the audio and video controller. The following example shows the config for a card with two devices. The romfile parameter is optional.
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**Note:** You may need to run `basic.sh` as sudo for the card to work.
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```
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-vga none \
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-device pcie-root-port,bus=pcie.0,multifunction=on,port=1,chassis=1,id=port.1 \
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-device vfio-pci,host=26:00.0,bus=port.1,multifunction=on,romfile=/path/to/card.rom \
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-device vfio-pci,host=26:00.1,bus=port.1 \
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```
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