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This is still a work in progress, but the existing font system has been
removed and replaced by a new one, in Font.cpp.
Design goals of the new font system include supporting colored button
glyphs, different fonts for different languages, and larger fonts than
8x8 for Chinese, Japanese and Korean, while being able to support their
30000+ characters without hiccups, slowdowns or high memory usage. And
to have more flexibility with fonts in general. Plus, Graphics.cpp was
long enough as-is, so it's good to have a dedicated file for font
storage.
The old font system worked with a std::vector<SDL_Surface*> to store
8x8 surfaces for each character, and a std::map<int,int> to store
mappings between codepoints and vector indexes.
The new system has a per-font collection of pages for every block of
0x1000 (4096) codepoints, that may be allocated as needed. A glyph on
a page contains the index of the glyph in the image (giving its
coordinates), the advance (how much the cursor should advance, so the
width of that glyph) and some flags which would be at least whether the
glyph exists and whether it is colored.
Most of the *new* features aren't implemented yet; it's currently
hardcoded to the regular 8x8 font.png, but it should be functionally
equivalent to the previous behavior. The only thing that doesn't really
work yet is level-specific font.png, but that'll be supported again
soon enough.
This commit also adds fontmeta (xml) support.
Since the fonts folder is mounted at graphics/, there are two main
options for recognizing non-font.png fonts: the font files have to be
prefixed with font (or font_) or some special file extension is
involved to signal what files are fonts. I always had a font.xml in
mind (so font_cn.xml, font_ja.xml, etc) but if there's ever gonna be
a need for further xml files inside the graphics folder, we have a
problem. So I named them .fontmeta instead.
A .fontmeta file looks somewhat like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<font_metadata>
<width>12</width>
<height>12</height>
<white_teeth>1</white_teeth>
<chars>
<range start="0x20" end="0x7E"/>
<range start="0x80" end="0x80"/>
<range start="0xA0" end="0xDF"/>
<range start="0x250" end="0x2A8"/>
<range start="0x2AD" end="0x2AD"/>
<range start="0x2C7" end="0x2C7"/>
<range start="0x2C9" end="0x2CB"/>
...
</chars>
<special>
<range start="0x00" end="0x1F" advance="6"/>
<range start="0x61" end="0x66" color="1"/>
<range start="0x63" end="0x63" color="0"/>
</special>
</font_metadata>
The <chars> tag can be used to specify characters instead of in a .txt.
The original idea was to just always use the existing .txt system for
specifying the font charset, and only use the XML for the other stuff
that the .txt doesn't cover. However, it's probably better to keep it
simple if possible - having to only have a .png and a .fontmeta seems
simpler than having the data spread out over three files. And a major
advantage: Chinese fonts can have about 30000 characters! It's more
efficient to be able to have a tag saying "now there's 20902 characters
starting at U+4E00" than to include them all in a text file and having
to UTF-8 decode every single one of them.
If a font.txt exists, it takes priority over the <chars> tag, and in
that case, there's no reason to include the <chars> tag in the XML.
But font.txt has to be in the same directory as font.png, otherwise it
is rejected. Same for font.fontmeta. If neither font.txt nor <chars>
exist, then the font is seen as a 2.2-and-below-style ASCII font.
In <special>: advance is the number of pixels the cursor advances after
drawing the character (so the width of the character, without affecting
the grid in the source image), color is whether the character should
have its original colors retained when printed (for button glyphs).
As for <white_teeth>:
The renderer PR has replaced draw-time whitening of sprites/etc
(using BlitSurfaceColoured) by load-time whitening of entire images
(using LoadImage with TEX_WHITE as an argument).
This means we have a problem: fonts have always had their glyphs
whitened at printing time, and since I'm adding support for colored
button glyphs, I changed it so glyphs would sometimes not be whitened.
But if we can't whiten at print time, then we'd need to whiten at load
time, and if we whiten the entire font, any colored glyphs will get
destroyed too. If you whiten the image selectively, well, we need more
code to target specific squares in the image, and it's kind of a waste
when you need to whiten 30000 12x12 Chinese characters when you're only
going to need a handful, but you don't know which ones.
The solution: Whitening fonts is useless if all the non-colored glyphs
are already white, so we don't need to do it anyway! However, any
existing fonts that have non-white glyphs (and I know of at least one
level like that) will still need to be whitened. So there is now a
font property <white_teeth> that can be specified in the fontmeta,
which indicates that the font is already pre-whitened. If not
specified, traditional whitening behavior will be used, and the font
cannot use colored glyphs.
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This is the source code to VVVVVV, version 2.0+. For more context about this release, see the announcement on Terry's blog!
License
VVVVVV's source code is made available under a custom license. See LICENSE.md for more details.
In general, if you're interested in creating something that falls outside the license terms, get in touch with Terry and we'll talk about it!
Authors
- Created by Terry Cavanagh
- Room Names by Bennett Foddy
- Music by Magnus Pålsson
- Metal Soundtrack by FamilyJules
- 2.0 Update (C++ Port) by Simon Roth
- 2.2 Update (SDL2/PhysicsFS/Steamworks port) by Ethan Lee
- Beta Testing by Sam Kaplan and Pauli Kohberger
- Ending Picture by Pauli Kohberger
Versions
There are two versions of the VVVVVV source code available - the desktop version (based on the C++ port, and currently live on Steam), and the mobile version (based on a fork of the original flash source code, and currently live on iOS and Android).