This commit introduces a new type-level combinator, `WithRoutingHeader`.
It modifies the behaviour of the following sub-API, such that all endpoint
of said API return an additional routing header in their response.
A routing header is a header that specifies which endpoint the
incoming request was routed to.
Endpoint are designated by their path, in which `Capture'` and
`CaptureAll` combinators are replaced by a capture hint.
This header can be used by downstream middlewares to gather
information about individual endpoints, since in most cases
a routing header uniquely identifies a single endpoint.
Example:
```haskell
type MyApi =
WithRoutingHeader :> "by-id" :> Capture "id" Int :> Get '[JSON] Foo
-- GET /by-id/1234 will return a response with the following header:
-- ("Servant-Routed-Path", "/by-id/<id::Int>")
```
To achieve this, two refactorings were necessary:
* Introduce a type `RouterEnv env` to encapsulate the `env` type
(as in `Router env a`), which contains a tuple-encoded list of url
pieces parsed from the incoming request.
This type makes it possible to pass more information throughout the
routing process, and the computation of the `Delayed env c` associated
with each request.
* Introduce a new kind of router, which only modifies the RouterEnv, and
doesn't affect the routing process otherwise.
`EnvRouter (RouterEnv env -> RouterEnv env) (Router' env a)`
This new router is used when encountering the `WithRoutingHeader`
combinator in an API, to notify the endpoints of the sub-API that they
must produce a routing header (this behaviour is disabled by default).
Colored output is the default since hspec 2.9.5.
This causes CI failures due to terminal escaping characters when running
the doctests on GitHub Actions.
This commit introduces a `CaptureHint` type, which is passed as an extra
argument to the `CaptureRouter` and `CaptureAllRouter` constructors for
the `Router'` type.
`CaptureHint` values are then used in `routerLayout`, to display the
name and "type" of captured values (single or list), instead of just
"<capture>" previously.
N.B.:
Because the `choice` smart constructor for routers can aggregate
`Capture` combinators with different capture hints, the `Capture*Router`
constructors actually take a *list* of `CaptureHint`, instead of a
single one.
Current implementation of captures uses the `toUrlPiece` method from the
`ToHttpApiData` typeclass, and encodes the resulting `Text` using `toEncodedUrlPiece`
when appending to the request path.
The problem with this approach is that the instance for `Text` percent-encodes
characters that are perfectly valid in URLs, such as `*`.
This patch makes direct use of `toEncodedUrlPiece`, which lets users implement
encoding according to their needs.
Closes#1511
