Guide to PCIe Passthrough ========================= This is a draft. ## Enable BIOS features To use PCIe Passthrough, you will need a compatible motherboard and CPU with support for iommu. Look up your motherboard manual on how to enable these features, but they are commonly named `VT-d` or `AMD Vi`. ## Get Some Information To pass through a card, you'll need to know some value pertaining to the card itself: The Device IDs, and BDF IDs. The following command will give a list of relevant devices to use in the next steps. ``` lspci -nn | grep "VGA\|Audio" ``` ### Example An example output might look like this: ``` 26:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Curacao XT / Trinidad XT [Radeon R7 370 / R9 270X/370X] [1002:6810] 26:00.1 Audio device [0403]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Oland/Hainan/Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7000 Series] [1002:aab0] ``` The first value (`26:00.0`) is the BDF ID, and the last (`1002:6810`) is the Device ID. Cards with a built-in audio controller have to be passed together, so note the IDs for both subdevices. ## Add Kernel Flags The `iommu` kernel module is not enabled by default, but you can enable it on boot by passing the following flags to the kernel. Replace the Device IDs with your corresponding card. ### AMD ``` iommu=pt amd_iommu=on vfio-pci.ids=1002:66af,1002:ab20 ``` ### Intel ``` iommu=pt intel_iommu=on vfio-pci.ids=1002:66af,1002:ab20 ``` To do this permanently, you can add it to your bootloader. If you're using GRUB, for example, edit `/etc/default/grub` and add the previous lines to the `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT` section, then run `sudo update-grub` and reboot. ## Attach card to QEMU You will need to attach the cards using the BDF IDs for the audio and video controller. The following example shows the config for a card with two devices. The romfile parameter is optional. **Note:** You may need to run `basic.sh` as sudo for the card to work. ``` -vga none \ -device ioh3420,bus=pcie.0,multifunction=on,port=1,chassis=1,id=port.1 \ -device vfio-pci,host=26:00.0,bus=port.1,multifunction=on,romfile=/path/to/card.rom \ -device vfio-pci,host=26:00.1,bus=port.1 \ ```