mirror of
https://github.com/nix-community/home-manager
synced 2024-12-12 12:59:49 +01:00
25ddbf4824
Using the `nix-env` command is far more robust. It also has the
benefit that if the per-user `profiles` and `gcroots` directories do
not exist then they will be created with the correct permissions.
Because of the second point this commit also removes the `mkdir` step
of the installation instructions.
PR #1239
Closes #474, #948, #1091
(cherry picked from commit 9ec9f004e1)
317 lines
10 KiB
XML
317 lines
10 KiB
XML
<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="ch-installation">
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<title>Installing Home Manager</title>
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<para>
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Home Manager can be used in three primary ways:
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Using the standalone <command>home-manager</command> tool. For platforms
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other than NixOS and Darwin, this is the only available choice. It is also
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recommended for people on NixOS or Darwin that want to manage their home
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directory independent of the system as a whole. See
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<xref linkend="sec-install-standalone"/> for instructions on how to
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perform this installation.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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As a module within a NixOS system configuration. This allows the user
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profiles to be built together with the system when running
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<command>nixos-rebuild</command>. See
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<xref linkend="sec-install-nixos-module"/> for a description of this
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setup.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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As a module within a
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/LnL7/nix-darwin/">nix-darwin</link>
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system configuration. This allows the user profiles to be built together
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with the system when running <command>darwin-rebuild</command>. See
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<xref linkend="sec-install-nix-darwin-module"/> for a description of this
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setup.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</para>
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<section xml:id="sec-install-standalone">
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<title>Standalone installation</title>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Make sure you have a working Nix installation. Specifically, make
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sure that your user is able to build and install Nix packages.
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For example, you should be able to successfully run a command
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like <literal>nix-instantiate '<nixpkgs>' -A hello</literal>
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without having to switch to the root user. For a multi-user
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install of Nix this means that your user must be covered by the
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<link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nix/manual/#conf-allowed-users"><literal>allowed-users</literal></link>
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Nix option. On NixOS you can control this option using the
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<link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nixos/manual/options.html#opt-nix.allowedUsers"><literal>nix.allowedUsers</literal></link>
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system option.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Add the Home Manager channel that you wish to follow. This is done by
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running
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --add https://github.com/rycee/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz home-manager</userinput>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --update</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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if you are following Nixpkgs master or an unstable channel and
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --add https://github.com/rycee/home-manager/archive/release-20.03.tar.gz home-manager</userinput>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --update</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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if you follow a Nixpkgs version 20.03 channel.
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</para>
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<para>
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On NixOS you may need to log out and back in for the channel to become
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available. On non-NixOS you may have to add
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<programlisting language="bash">
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export NIX_PATH=$HOME/.nix-defexpr/channels${NIX_PATH:+:}$NIX_PATH
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</programlisting>
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to your shell (see
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/2033">nix#2033</link>).
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Run the Home Manager installation command and create the first Home
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Manager generation:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>nix-shell '<home-manager>' -A install</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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Once finished, Home Manager should be active and available in your user
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environment.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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If you do not plan on having Home Manager manage your shell configuration
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then you must source the
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</para>
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<programlisting language="bash">
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$HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/hm-session-vars.sh
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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file in your shell configuration. Unfortunately, we currently only support
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POSIX.2-like shells such as
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<link xlink:href="https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">Bash</link> or
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<link xlink:href="http://zsh.sourceforge.net/">Z shell</link>.
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</para>
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<para>
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For example, if you use Bash then add
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</para>
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<programlisting language="bash">
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. "$HOME/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/hm-session-vars.sh"
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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to your <literal>~/.profile</literal> file.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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<para>
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If instead of using channels you want to run Home Manager from a Git
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checkout of the repository then you can use the
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<literal>programs.home-manager.path</literal> option to specify the absolute
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path to the repository.
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</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="sec-install-nixos-module">
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<title>NixOS module</title>
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<para>
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Home Manager provides a NixOS module that allows you to prepare user
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environments directly from the system configuration file, which often is
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more convenient than using the <command>home-manager</command> tool. It also
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opens up additional possibilities, for example, to automatically configure
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user environments in NixOS declarative containers or on systems deployed
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through NixOps.
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</para>
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<para>
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To make the NixOS module available for use you must <option>import</option>
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it into your system configuration. This is most conveniently done by adding
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a Home Manager channel, for example
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --add https://github.com/rycee/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz home-manager</userinput>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --update</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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if you are following Nixpkgs master or an unstable channel and
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --add https://github.com/rycee/home-manager/archive/release-20.03.tar.gz home-manager</userinput>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --update</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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if you follow a Nixpkgs version 20.03 channel.
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</para>
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<para>
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It is then possible to add
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</para>
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<programlisting language="nix">
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imports = [ <home-manager/nixos> ];
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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to your system <filename>configuration.nix</filename> file, which will
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introduce a new NixOS option called <option>home-manager.users</option>
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whose type is an attribute set that maps user names to Home Manager
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configurations.
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</para>
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<para>
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For example, a NixOS configuration may include the lines
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</para>
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<programlisting language="nix">
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users.users.eve.isNormalUser = true;
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home-manager.users.eve = { pkgs, ... }: {
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home.packages = [ pkgs.atool pkgs.httpie ];
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programs.bash.enable = true;
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};
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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and after a <command>nixos-rebuild switch</command> the user eve's
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environment should include a basic Bash configuration and the packages atool
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and httpie.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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By default packages will be installed to
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<filename>$HOME/.nix-profile</filename> but they can be installed to
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<filename>/etc/profiles</filename> if
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</para>
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<programlisting language="nix">
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home-manager.useUserPackages = true;
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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is added to the system configuration. This is necessary if, for example,
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you wish to use <command>nixos-rebuild build-vm</command>. This option may
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become the default value in the future.
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</para>
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</note>
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<note>
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<para>
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By default, Home Manager uses a private <literal>pkgs</literal> instance
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that is configured via the <option>home-manager.users.<name>.nixpkgs</option> options.
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To instead use the global <literal>pkgs</literal> that is configured via
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the system level <option>nixpkgs</option> options, set
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</para>
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<programlisting language="nix">
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home-manager.useGlobalPkgs = true;
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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This saves an extra Nixpkgs evaluation, adds consistency, and removes the
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dependency on <envar>NIX_PATH</envar>, which is otherwise used for
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importing Nixpkgs.
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</para>
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</note>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="sec-install-nix-darwin-module">
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<title>nix-darwin module</title>
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<para>
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Home Manager provides a module that allows you to prepare user
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environments directly from the nix-darwin configuration file, which often is
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more convenient than using the <command>home-manager</command> tool.
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</para>
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<para>
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To make the NixOS module available for use you must <option>import</option>
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it into your system configuration. This is most conveniently done by adding
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a Home Manager channel, for example
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --add https://github.com/rycee/home-manager/archive/master.tar.gz home-manager</userinput>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --update</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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if you are following Nixpkgs master or an unstable channel and
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --add https://github.com/rycee/home-manager/archive/release-20.03.tar.gz home-manager</userinput>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nix-channel --update</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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if you follow a Nixpkgs version 20.03 channel.
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</para>
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<para>
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It is then possible to add
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</para>
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<programlisting language="nix">
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imports = [ <home-manager/nix-darwin> ];
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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to your nix-darwin <filename>configuration.nix</filename> file, which will
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introduce a new NixOS option called <option>home-manager</option> whose type
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is an attribute set that maps user names to Home Manager configurations.
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</para>
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<para>
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For example, a nix-darwin configuration may include the lines
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</para>
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<programlisting language="nix">
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home-manager.users.eve = { pkgs, ... }: {
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home.packages = [ pkgs.atool pkgs.httpie ];
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programs.bash.enable = true;
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};
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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and after a <command>darwin-rebuild --switch</command> the user eve's
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environment should include a basic Bash configuration and the packages atool
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and httpie.
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</para>
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<note>
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<para>
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By default user packages will not be ignored in favor of
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<option>environment.systemPackages</option>, but they will be intalled to
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<option>/etc/profiles/per-user/$USERNAME</option> if
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</para>
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<programlisting language="nix">
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home-manager.useUserPackages = true;
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</programlisting>
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<para>
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is added to the nix-darwin configuration. This option may become the default
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value in the future.
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</para>
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</note>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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